Envirnmental impact analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Envirnmental sway examination - Essay Example The Nestle South undertaking means to create blended use offices including private properties, workplaces, retail, bistro, public venue, interstate framework and other subordinate works with endorsement subject to Section 106 Agreement (Peter 2009). Foundation The site was first evolved in 1890 for the production of cocoa and confectionary. In 2006 Nestle Rowntree communicated aim to update and improve the northern part leaving the southern part for future turn of events. The redevelopment is a piece of a capital venture encouraging redesigning works and protecting the work of 1800 representatives. Because of the declaration important to build up the site, the Council delivered and received a Development Brief featuring the Council’s vision, yearnings, goals and prerequisites (Templeton and Taubenfeld 1987). The Council’s vision for the site is to make a comprehensive new live/work network and social center all around coordinated with encompassing zones. The advancement would suit a blend of employments and follow best works on, keeping up open space, exclusive requirements of plan and maintainability. A great urban structure perceiving the particular urban character of the city and giving appealing and safe cycle/person on foot courses through and around the region will make a feeling of spot while grasping low vehicle use standards (Templeton and Taubenfeld 1987). The site alluded to as Nestle South, here, is the southern side of the settle manufacturing plant site. The site zone is roughly 7.41 ha, which is around 40% of the general industrial facility territory. All structures in the site have been crushed aside from those in the Conservation Area which has been held for redevelopment as a major aspect of the application. Toward the east of the site is the Joseph Rowntree Memorial Library, the west comprises of a square of structures including; Almond Block Extension and the Hambleton Terrace, toward the north is the rest of the Nestle industr ial facility site. Past the settle plant structures are sports pitches and Bootham Stray. Toward the east are Nuffield Hospital, Joseph Rowntree Theater and Haxby Road (Dinc?er 2010). In the southern part is Sustrans Cycle way interfacing Clifton with Heworth and Heworth Without. The way is a significant rough terrain interface in the city and can be utilized by walkers. Various terraced boulevards including Hambleton Terrace separate the site from the City Center a little more than 1 km south. Toward the west is the local location of Clifton associated by Wigginton Road. There is green arranging toward the west, east and southern limits of the site. All trees in the territory are absolved from the tree protection orders (Dinc?er 2010; Jones 2012). Proposition This application tries to change over the Cream Block and Cream Block Extension, Almond Block Extension and the Joseph Rowntree Memorial Library, just as the movement of the rest of the site into an advancement venture. The ve nture plans to build 8 live work units; 46 two room pads and 28 understudy pads. The business part will incorporate Retail 974 sq m and Office 4116 sq m, the Joseph Rowntree Memorial Library according to the proposition is to be changed over into a bistro. The rest of the site will oblige around 200 private properties and business properties comprising of 5884 sq m of an office square and 1335 sq m creche, public venue and rec center (Jones 2012). Two vehicular passageways are

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthriris Essays - Rheumatology, Arthritis

Adolescent Rheumatoid Arthriris An interminable, incendiary infection that may cause joint or connective tissue harm. The beginning happens before Age 16. Causes, occurrence, and hazard factors: JRA is thought to have a place with the collagen classes of sickness (those ailments that include connective tissue). It is a confounded sickness. The essential sign is joint pain, yet the malady may include other body frameworks such as the heart and coating around the heart (pericardium), lungs and covering around the lungs (pleura), eyes, and skin. Fundamental joint pain influences 20% of those with adolescent joint pain and incorporates fever, rash, and developed spleen (splenomegaly) notwithstanding joint aggravation. JRA is commonly partitioned into five expansive bunches relying upon whether countless joints are included or only a couple, regardless of whether the rheumatoid factor (a blood test) is sure or negative, and regardless of whether there is eye association or not. The five classes of JRA might be generally separated as follows: many included joints and a positive rheumatoid factor many included joints and a negative rheumatoid factor barely any included joints and a positive antinuclear immune response few included joints and a positive HLA B27 surface antigen foundational JRA (all through the body) A master in rheumatology for the most part makes the class assurance. The beginning of joint inflammation might be moderate or very quick. An early indication of moderate beginning might be solidness on emerging in the first part of the day. Swollen, difficult joints describe the joint inflammation of JRA with torment on movement and now and then to contact. The skin over the joints is commonly not red but rather can be. The foundational type of JRA may initially show up with high fevers, chills and a rash yet without joint agony. In the fundamental structure, joint inflammation may create a very long time after the appearance of the fever. The two types of JRA where there are just a couple of joints included frequently have related eye illness. The most extreme type of eye malady, incessant iridocyclitis of JRA, may prompt lead to visual issues or visual deficiency. The milder type of JRA-related eye malady is intense iridocyclitis, which for the most part mends without perpetual harm. The reason for adolescent rheumatoid joint inflammation is obscure. Development might be influenced during times of dynamic illness. Young ladies are influenced more regularly than young men are. The pinnacle beginning happens between the ages of 2 to 5 years of age and between 9 to 12 years of age. Hazard variables might be a family ancestry of the illness and late rubella contamination or antibody. Anticipation: There is no known counteraction for JRA. Side effects: General indications: joint solidness on emerging in the first part of the day constrained scope of movement moderate pace of development hot, swollen, difficult joints fever, poor quality (with numerous joint kind infection) fever, high spiking with chills (with foundational type of malady) rheumatoid rash rheumatoid knobs (at locales of weight) Symptoms of eye contribution: red eyes eye torment photophobia visual changes Other manifestations: chest torment brevity of breath stomach torment Signs and tests: Physical assessment may show an amplified liver (hepatomegaly), broadened spleen (splenomegaly), or swollen lymph hubs (lymphadenopathy). There may likewise be indications of: paleness iridocyclitis pericarditis pleuritis myocarditis Tests include: CBC ESR ANA RA factor HLA antigens immunoelectrophoresis - serum synovial liquid investigation X-beam of a joint X-beam of the chest ECG cut light test of the eyes Treatment: Treatment is pointed at protecting portability and joint capacity and supporting the patient and family through a long ceaseless sickness. Remedial prescriptions include: headache medicine nonsteroidal mitigating operators (NSAIDS) corticosteroids topical ophthalmic corticosteroids mydriatics gold treatment chloroquine operators safe stifling specialists (once in a while utilized in kids) Note: Talk to your medicinal services supplier previously giving ibuprofen or NSAIDS to kids! Non-intrusive treatment and exercise projects may be suggested. Surgeries might be shown, including joint substitution. Desires (guess): JRA is only occasionally dangerous. Long times of unconstrained reduction are run of the mill. Frequently JRA improves or transmits at pubescence. Roughly 75% of JRA patients in the long run enter reduction with negligible practical misfortune and disfigurement. The pressure of ailment can regularly be made a difference by joining a care group. Here, individuals share normal encounters and issues.. Complexities: loss of vision or diminished vision all out joint decimation of the significant weight-bearing joints ceaseless spondyloarthropathy

Im Shipping Up to Boston

I’m Shipping Up to Boston Tomorrow morning I fly back to MIT, and Im writing to you with absolutely no feeling in the lower left-hand quadrant of my face. Its as if all the feeling there decided to concurrently take a few hours off to siesta, and have left me to use only my eyebrows for expressions (I dont have very expressive eyebrows; for the past half hour Ive been mostly looking either surprised or confused). I just got back from the dentist, because even though there are dentists at MIT Medical that are covered by student insurance, I have not gone since last year, since there is little else I love more than lying there digging my nails into my palm trying not to scream. Its not the drill I have about as much tolerance for oral pain as the next guy its my active imagination that really gets me in the dentists chair. Inevitably after theyve numbed one or both of the bottom quadrants of my face, the dentist leans over and does some stuff in my mouth that I can NO LONGER FEEL. Its at this point that it occurs to me that Dentist and Nurse are probably involved in some kind of elaborate hoax in which they put tubes and drills and silver poking tools in my mouth, but arent actually doing anything. (in my head) DENTIST: (secretly communicating with Nurse by morse code) Hahah! She thinks shes getting that cavity filled when all were doing is HOLDING THIS SUCTION TUBE AND MOVING IT AROUND! NURSE: Were BRILLIANT! Here, pass me that plastic purple gun that is actually used for ear piercings. ME: Wow, Im sure glad theyre fixing all my teeth and not actually creating a huge waste of time! As of yet, this has not occurred (as far as I can tell). Inventing preposterous hypothetical situation amongst ordinary days, however, is just one of many things I have done in during my summer here in the beautiful Bay Area. (As well as chewing on my tongue, which I also cannot feel.) This year, as opposed to last year when I was a freshman, my summer also consisted of: Work. I started out the summer working as a production assistant at Pixar. That means I was mostly at my desk every day, but got to deliver things whilst riding around the foyer and in between departments on a scooter. About a month into summer, shortly after the release of Ratatouille, I finished archiving film reels with the post-production department and headed off to instead both work at the Apple Store and volunteer at an emergency room in San Francisco. I had been at my other two jobs for about a week when one of the sound editors called my cell phone to ask if I had seen his scooter around anywhere, to which I answered shiftily, er no. (I really didnt steal his scooter. I did, however, take a really excellent Dory pinata from the free pile outside the animators offices.) Celebrating Harry Potter. I wouldnt consider myself a serious Harry Potter fanatic at least, not compared to some people and Id never gone to see the opening of the movies at midnight, or been to a book party, or even dressed up as a non-Muggle. I figured it was my last shot (for the book, anyway), so for the movie my buddies and I dressed up (we didnt go as far as to wait in line another friend of ours, a TRUE fan, saved our spots for 12 hours) and ended up winning the costume contest. When the book premiered, Praxy 10 and I went to Barnes and Noble at midnight to see if we could get a copy just by being there after bypassing people whod been there since 2 PM; after an hour of reading chemistry books, we decided to go home and sleep. (We ended up getting our copies from Costco the next morning, like civilized people.) Reuiniting and reminiscing. From watching the Perseid meteor shower go by from a moonlight boulder on top of a mountain, to making smores on a bonfire on the beach; from learning to wakesurf to rock climbing to celebrating the most epic birthday ever it was amazing to see all my friends from high school again. The best parts were not in crashing and bruising on waves going 30 miles per hour on an inner tube, but in the quiet moments when wed share our memories from schools all around the country. Also its weird how people you havent seen in months sometimes grow beards. (I just had to. Its one of those things you have to do. Like girls can have babies, and guys can grow beards. Its kind of like makeup, except grosser.. and its free! -my friend Nick, on his newly furry face) Tomorrow, its back to numbers, p-sets, and late-night pasta dinners; tomorrow, my face will regain consciousness. (Hopefully. If Im not smiling when you see me next, its not because I dont like you, its because my nerves are deader than Harry Potters parents.)

On The Fear Of Death By Elizabeth Kubler Ross - 1346 Words

There is huge difference between Death and Dying. Death is the end of life, while dying is the process in which you death, also including the choices and actions involved in that process. In â€Å"On the Fear of Death,† by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross she describes the different aspects of dying, the final days of individuals who are terminally ill, the grieving process, and how children are treated during the time of death. The dissimilitude in â€Å"old-fashioned† death and â€Å"modern† final days are presented. Sometimes one has to consider the circumstances surrounding the end of life. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross provides the first glimpse at the true feelings and experiences of people in the process of dying. Written in 1969, Kubler-Ross uses material gathered from her many seminars and interviews with terminally ill hospital patients and in a groundbreaking gesture, suggests to the reader that instead of ignoring, avoiding or isolating the dying patient, it is importan t to understand the stages of grief and to allow the patient to talk openly and honestly about his situation. Kubler-Ross describes the increase in modern humanity s fear of death with the rise of technology and medical science. Although many individuals are able to prolong their lives as never before, it has contributed to multiple emotional problems and inability to cope with the prospect of death. Individuals associate death with a bad act, or malicious intervention from someone else, or, at least a negative event. In theShow MoreRelatedOn The Fear Of Death By Elizabeth Kubler Ross2070 Words   |  9 PagesOn the Fear of Death There is a huge difference between Death and Dying. Death is the end of life while dying is the process in which your death, also including the choices and actions involved in that process. In â€Å"On the Fear of Death,† by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, she describes the different aspects of dying, the final days of individuals who are terminally ill, the grieving process, and how children are treated during the time of death. Kà ¼bler-Ross describes death and why society is apt to be afraidRead MoreLife Lessons (Book Review) Essay672 Words   |  3 PagesLessons from Elizabeth Kubler-Ross and David Kessler. Main theme: In this book, Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross teamed up with end-of-life specialist David Kessler to write for the first time about life and living. The authors present fourteen lessons passed on to us from the dying to help us deal better with the issues we face in life. 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By illustratingRead MoreComparing Midlife Crisis Denial, Depression, And Displacement Of Shakespeare Hamlet 1262 Words   |  6 Pagestwentieth-century Swiss-American psychiatrist named Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross believes that once an individual experiences a loss they exhibit five distinct stages of grieving. Kà ¼bler-Ross model can be broken down into five stage: they are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Kà ¼bler-Ross believes when a person experiences a death, they have these emotional responses assuring the process of healing. In an article on the Elizabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross foundation site, Professor Allan Kellehear explains,Read MoreEssay on Health Grief1546 Words   |  7 Pagesreactions to a significant loss. While there is no right or wrong way to grieve, there are healthy ways to cope with the grief (helpguide.org). Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, a Psychiatrist invented the â€Å"five stages of grief†, based on the grieving process when negative life changes and loses happen, such as death of a loved one. The five stages of grief according to Kubler-Ross are responses that many people may go through, but there is not a typical response to loss as there is no typical loss and everyone grievesRead MoreNotes On Loss And Loss1013 Words   |  5 Pagesdaily by everyone. †¢ Losses can be minor or major. †¢ The influence of loss depends upon the value the person placed on what was lost. There are two type of losses, 1. Tangible (Actual or physical): They are actual and easily acknowledged for e.g. Death, loss of body part, changes in physical health. 2. Intangible (perceived or psychological) losses are less obvious and may be tied to personal opinion such as one’s prestige, power, dreams, plans, security etc. Grief is the process of psychologicalRead MoreThe Death And Dying By Judith Guest1408 Words   |  6 PagesPath to Acceptance Death is often difficult to deal with. The death of a loved one brings strong feelings of grief, mental distress associated with the painful loss. In her book On Death and Dying, Elizabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross determined through her research with medical patients that when people grieve, they go through five distinct stages: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Ordinary People by Judith Guest follows Conrad s difficulty recovering following the death of his older brotherRead More Do Not Go Gentle IntoThat Good Night by Dylan Thomas Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pagesbelief, a wise attitude or course of action and the teachings of the ancient wise men. 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Frankenstein vs. Beowulf - 1935 Words

Frankenstein vs. Beowulf Oxford dictionary defines monster as, â€Å"Originally: a mythical creature which is part animal and part human, or combines elements of two or more animal forms, and is frequently of great size and ferocious appearance. Later, more generally: any imaginary creature that is large, ugly, and frightening. (Oxford English Dictionary)† This definition is basic in nature. What must be added is whether it is nature that makes the monster what it is or is it nurture that makes it what it is. In both Beowulf and Frankenstein the monster complex engages, complicates and has an effect on us. Beowulf has to battle Grendel, his mom, and the dragon to do his duty as a warrior, but the monsters only make it more difficult to tell†¦show more content†¦This leaves Beowulf as the monster, when we believe him to be the hero. For the rest of the poem this leaves us an opening to judge him on character. Because of this fault, one can believe that he is a faulty k ing and ruler, even though he does what a king is suppose to do; he gives gifts to his Geats. When Beowulf fights the dragon, he doesn’t think of it as being a dragon. All Beowulf can think of is gaining a bigger ego to match his heroics. But, one must praise Beowulf for doing what Hrothgar could not; protect his kingdom. Beowulf tried to defeat the dragon to be able to have the dragons hoard. What Beowulf leaves when he dies is his identity, his monstrous identity of not following the heroic code. In all rights, Beowulf is an old king and he doesn’t need the dragon’s hoard, but because he is a selfish individual and prides himself on heroics, he goes and tries to defeat the dragon. This leaves the Geats kingless and now he has ultimately ruined his and everyone’s life that he worked to build up over his 50 years of being king. Instead of defeating the dragon he should have focused on other problems. He was a good king, but he was selfish ultimately, and selfishness was not part of the heroic code that he prided himself on. He defeated one monster only to become even more of one. In the novel Frankenstein, Victor and his Monster compete over who is a monster and who is human. This competition makes one think of if it is nurture orShow MoreRelatedAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesvowel sounds accompanied by soft consonant sounds may contribute to a tone of sleepy restfulness in a poem. Short vowel sounds plus hard consonant sounds may express anxiety, quick movement, anger or happiness. Why is Beowulf important? by Araby Greene, Univ. of Nevada Beowulf is both the first English literary masterpiece and the earliest European epic written in the vernacular, or native language, instead of literary Latin. The story, summarized in Bulfinch s Mythology, survives in one fragileRead MoreHow to Read Lit Like a Prof Notes3608 Words   |  15 Pageseither in plot or theme or both. Examples: i. Hamlet: heroic character, revenge, indecision, melancholy nature ii. Henry IV—a young man who must grow up to become king, take on his responsibilities iii. Othello—jealousy iv. Merchant of Venice—justice vs. mercy v. King Lear—aging parent, greedy children, a wise fool 7. †¦Or the Bible a. Before the mid 20th century, writers could count on people being very familiar with Biblical stories, a common touchstone a writer can tap b. Common Biblical storiesRead MoreCause and Impact Analysis on the Main Character’s Suffering in Elizabeth Gilbert’s Novel Eat, Pray, Love7348 Words   |  30 Pagessome types; Person Vs Person, Person Vs Machine, Person Vs Society, Person Vs Nature, Character Vs Self, and the last Person Vs Supernatural. In http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction there are six basic types of conflict. In modern times, Person vs. Machine, also known as Person vs. Technology, has become another one. 1. Character vs. self Character vs. Self is the theme in literature that places a character against his or her own will, confusion, or fears. Man vs. Self can also be

Project Management Process [in Construction] Free Essays

string(101) " the time and work required in making changes increases rapidly as the design becomes more detailed\." ADVANCE PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project Management Process [In Construction Project] Ibtisam, Badar Reg. No— CIIT/SP13-RPM-292/CVC CIIT/SP13-RPMEmail: sp13rpm292@vcomsats. edu. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management Process [in Construction] or any similar topic only for you Order Now pk Project Management Process | 2 Project Management Processes A PROJECT MANAGEMENT Process is the management process of planning and controlling the performance or execution of a project. Project management is one of the critical processes of any project. This is due to the fact that project management is the core process that connects all other project activities and processes together. Project management is a responsible process. The project management process connects all other project activities together and creates the harmony in the project. Therefore, the project management team should have a detailed understanding on the all project management processes and the tools that they can make use for each project management process. When it comes to the activities of project management, there are plenty. However, these plenty of project management activities can be categorized into five main processes. THE FIVE PROJECT PROCESS GROUPS . Initiation 2. Planning 3. Implementation / Execution 4. Monitoring, Evaluation Control 5. Closure Project Management Process | 3 Project Management Process [In Construction Project] In my all working career, I only deal with two types of projects, i. e. IT and Construction Project. So if someone asks to me where you have to invest, I will prefer these two areas. In this report, I’m discussing about construction project managem ent process. As I believe, construction is a field which boosts jobs and help in unemployment. In this report, I want to talk about project management process according to new project of Housing society or Villas construction project. I will consider this project according to each phase and step of project management process. Project Initiating The Initiating phase of the Construction project management process is where the project gets defined and authorized by management. The inputs to this phase are usually a statement of work or a contract given to you by the project sponsor. Other inputs are the environmental factors of your organization such as policies, procedures, and cultures to name a few. The output of the Initiating process is a Project Charter, focus on project scope and costs issue, set major milestones, and a Preliminary Project Scope Statement. We value leading the Project with a commitment that allows for nothing but success. By embracing new ideas, working well with our partners, meeting challenges with enthusiasm, and serving as positive advocates for the project, we will provide the leadership required for exceptional delivery. We value managing the Project well by clarifying our priorities, defining expectations and directing all efforts toward addressing the most critical issues first. Working hard to determine what must be done to guide potential toward opportunity will provide the focus we need to succeed. We value the resources entrusted to us. By developing and recognizing our staff, practicing fiscal responsibility, measuring and reporting on performance, delivering what we promise, keeping to a schedule, and communicating with honesty and transparency, we will demonstrate our integrity. Measures of Success †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Safety: No Recordable or lost time injuries and reportable injuries lower than the industry average Schedule: Meet or eat established project milestones Budget: Manage risks to contain costs within budget Quality: Conform to project requirements without adverse effects on milestones or budget Environmental Compliance: Complete project without permit violations. Public Perception: Strong Community Support Through Effective Communication Project Management Process | 4 Project Planning Once a contract has been aw arded: It is the responsibility of the project staff to review the item material lists and arrange for deletion of material codes that will not be required. They shall also request addition of item material codes that they determine are necessary. Site Manager staff reviews the uploaded data in Site Manager for accuracy prior to making a project active. If the contract contains more than one category, the site manager staff will discuss with the project engineer and supervising engineer (SE) the need to keep the multiple categories. The SE will determine if the Site Manager staff should process an administrative construction order to combine Categories with like federal funding. A preconstruction meeting with the Contractor must be held for all Contracts awarded. The purposes of the meeting are: †¢ To review the Contract, especially job-specific special provisions. †¢ To discuss Project features, particularly those that may present problems. †¢ To discuss Environmental Permits and concerns. †¢ To discuss the potential problems of water pollution and soil erosion. †¢ To review the Contractor’s proposed progress schedule. †¢ To review the methods of handling traffic. †¢ To review sampling and testing requirements for materials to be used throughout the construction process. Project Management Process | 5 To address any of the Contractors’ questions concerning the plans and the Contract. Any problems that cannot be resolved at this meeting will be reviewed with the District office, and the final determination will be transmitted to all concerned, and if feasible, incorporated in the written report of the meeting. Start and completion dates for utilities must also be sent to: †¢ the Manager of Fiscal and Special Projects, and †¢ The Transportation Utilities Engineer. Notification should be sent to both of the above within seven days of effective completion date so final audits can be performed. The original of all memorandums regarding project status must be addressed and sent to the Construction Division Chief. The functional requirements for construction planning such as technology choice, work breakdown, and budgeting. Construction planning is not an activity which is restricted to the period after the award of a contract for construction. It should be an essential activity during the facility design. Also, if problems arise during construction, re-planning is required. Project Implementation/Execution In this stage we deal with contract management, Construction Management , and cost management. The integration of the different design aspects almost always requires that changes in approach be made in each aspect to accommodate the others. Such changes should be made as early in the design of the building as possible, since the time and work required in making changes increases rapidly as the design becomes more detailed. You read "Project Management Process [in Construction]" in category "Papers" It is helpful therefore to have a systematic approach to the coordination of these approaches, and the Design Brief is a good opportunity for providing this. It is suggested that some initial indications are included in the Design Brief at the project inception stage, and that the consultants amend these as the design develops. The building envelope consists of all the different elements that make up the fabric of the building, such as the floor, walls, windows and roof. Most of the design decisions relating to the building envelope are the responsibility of the architect and structural engineer. They have a large impact on the thermal performance of the building, and it is therefore essential that the performance of the envelope is coordinated with the design of the HVAC system. This is the area that offers most opportunities for improved building performance through an integrated design approach. Project Management Process | 6 Monitoring, Evaluation Control In this portion we deal with risk management, quality management and also do many kind of testing. Quality control starts with matching expectations about quality levels with budget and scope during planning and design reviews and continues through construction delivery with a program of inspections, tests, and certifications. It requires a coordinated performance among the entire project team in order for a completed building program to fully satisfy a client’s and the building users’ expectations. Having a process implemented at the beginning of the project will help define the goals as well as provide a continuous measurement system over time to make sure the objectives are being met. The responsibility rests withe project team and the project owner. Also the manager who has †general management† or †project owner† jurisdiction also shares in the residual responsibility. This process is done at many levels such as: – The individual professional’s level – The work package level – The functional manager’s level – The project team level – The general manager’s level – The project owner’s level Project audits provide the opportunity to have an independent appraisal of where the project stands and the efficiency and effectiveness with which the project is being managed. Audits can be planned periodicly, but also requested when there is a sense that the project is in trouble, or when a new manager takes over in order to become accustomed with the project. Project audits should: – Determine what is going right or wrong, and why – Identify forces and factors that have prevented achievements of cost, schedule, and technical performance goals and Evaluate the efficacy of existing project management strategy – Provide for an exchange of ideas, information, problems, solutions, and strategies with the project team members The task is to manage the project as it progresses, using the project control systems to maximum advantage. Project control is best analyzed by applying the factors of a unique operation, following its output and measuring its results. All factors are to be considered; labor, materials and equipment. One might also have to consider the role of the subcontractors, as they affect the sequencing of a task. In measuring the factors, the project manager must key in on the productivity of his labor force, measuring output over a given period of time. From these results, the project manager can then make a comparison against the project estimate, and against the objectives to meet the expected goals. To be affected in managing the project, the project manager must exercise three modes of operation. These three modes are planning, communicating and monitoring of the project. The project must be well-planned, each factor of the plan properly communicated, carefully monitored and controlled. Proper planning involves one of the initiatives of the goal setting process, the preparation of the schedules, a solid logistics plan and time-based general conditions established to monitor all phases of construction. The limits of construction should be clear and they must comply with the language of Project Management Process | 7 the contract documents. Collectively, these are the tools needed to compile this information. It must then be the commitment of the project superintendent and labor forces to carry out the tasks within these limits. To properly implement the plan, the plan must be communicated in such a fashion that there is full understanding of its purpose. One successful mode is the construction schedule. This guide to the project must clearly show each activity starting and finishing dates, duration, resources, long lead item purchasing schedule, submittal dates, purchasing dates, materials delivery to site dates all tied together by meaningful relationships, the networking between tasks. Closer conclusion As part of the Project Closure Plan, Suring success of a project the Project Manager needs to remain mindful of the close-out activities that bring a job to its responsible end. The process involves several very important accomplishments that are clearly defined in the construction documents usually in the general conditions section of the specification book. To be successful it is always prudent to be informed and prepared. At the startup of the project a review of each trade section would further help identify needed final submittal information, that each of your subcontractors would be obligated to produce to complete their contract. It is now time to make a close out checklist. This checklist is an excellent tool to include in each subcontract, locking each subcontractor into ownership of their respective final submittal material, whether it is warranties, record drawings, or operation and maintenance manuals a clear reminder at the set time of contract signing is a good way to identify that you are in control. Referencing this information at the halfway point of a longer project would allow you to focus on closing out subcontracts of early finish work completed early, reducing your challenges at the end of the project. The close-out materials are generally comparable to the submission materials required for approval by the architect at the start-up of the work by any trade. At the end of the project a manual including all of these pieces of literature are assembled and you publish this collection to the client via the architect. Additional information may include as-built drawings; replications of the architect plans with markups that identify the changes made and approved throughout the construction period and most certainly, letters of warrantee from each participating subcontractor. process will be developed that will address the things most important to employees as they explore options for their future. During this process, the management team promises to: †¢ Be open and honest about decisions that affect an employee’s position on the team †¢ Work directly with employees to allow opportunities inside and outside the project to develop new skills and refine existing ones †¢ Promptly communicate to employee’s project changes that might affect them. We want to keep employees engaged in the current project and ensure that they are ready for new challenges. Employees can share immediate and long-term plans by completing the Employee Interest Survey described above. The employee’s manager will schedule an informal meeting to discuss the employee’s responses in the Interest Survey. The outcome of this meeting will be to turn those short and long-term goals into an action plan. How to cite Project Management Process [in Construction], Essays

The Impact of Multiculturalism on Western Societies Since the 19th Century free essay sample

Media outlets are constantly turning out stories on boat people, multiculturalism, cultural pluralism, Islam, terrorists attacks etc, which can make anyone’s head hurt trying to understand it all and what it means to us. In this essay I will go back to where multiculturalism was first accepted as a government policy and how it has affected western society to the present day. â€Å"We become not a melting pot but a beautiful mosaic. Different people, different beliefs, different yearnings, different hopes, different dreams† (Jimmy Carter, 1924). Multiculturalism once known as the ‘melting pot’ or ‘mosaic’ is a term that covers three areas: it can refer to a society that is described by ethnic or cultural heterogeneity; it can refer to a principle of mutual respect and equality; and to government policy promoting and protecting diversity (Driedger and Burnet, 2011, n. p). Government multicultural policies can include: dual citizenship; government support for newspapers, television and radio in minority languages; support for minority festivals, holidays and celebrations; acceptance of traditional and religious dress in schools, the military, and society in general; support for the arts from different cultures around the world; and programs to encourage minority representations in politics, education and the workforce (Harrison, 2011, n. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Multiculturalism on Western Societies Since the 19th Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page p). The Second World War was seen to be ‘the beginning of the end’ of racial discrimination. The 1960s brought about change across the world with racist theories being discredited, the dismantlement of the Neo-Imperial Empires in Africa and Asia, civil rights and black power. Ethnic resurgence gained strength throughout America and minorities demanded social equality (Padolsky, 2002, p. 139). Up until the 1970s many western societies had immigration legislation that was racially based and is now considered illegal. The multicultural policy was first embraced by Canada in 1971. All citizens were to be treated equally, keep their identities, have self-respect of their ancestries, and have a feeling of belonging. www. cic. gc. ca) The Canadian multicultural policy was created to ‘encourage racial and ethnic harmony’, establish the rights of the aboriginal people and confirmed the two official languages of their country. (www. cic. gc. ca) In 1973 Australia followed suite with a similar multicultural polciy. Since the beginning of federation in 1901 Australiaâ€℠¢s immigration policies were racially motivated, hence the introduction of ‘The White Australia Policy’. This piece of legislation imposed a dictation test written only in European languages in which most Asians failed. Any non-whites who remained in Australia were restricted of most of their rights and freedoms, this included Aboriginals. Social attitudes towards racial discrimination and the collapse of the European colonialisation saw the white Australia policy slowly disintegrate and finally being abolished in 1973. The Whitlam Government introduced the Racial Discrimination Act in 1975, which made it illegal for immigration to be racially based. (www. abc. net. au) It wasn’t long after Canada and Australia that many of the Western Nations within the European Union assumed similar multicultural policies (Singham, 2006, p. 7). Assimilation Assimilation a concept first adopted by the French in the 1800’s became an Australian Policy in 1961. All Australia Governments agreed that: â€Å"All Aboriginals and part-aboriginals are expected to eventually attain the same manner of living as other Australians and to live as members of a single Australian community enjoying the same rights an d privileges, accepting the same responsibilities, observing the same customs and influenced by the same beliefs, hopes and loyalty as other Australians†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Commonwealth amp; State Ministers, 1961, p. ) Assimilation is said to have been replaced with what we now call ‘multiculturalism (Alba, 1995, p. 3). However the two terms have contrasting ideas: Assimilation an extreme measure in that anyone with a cultural difference should give up their customs and heritage and assume the host societies way of living. At the other end of the spectrum, multiculturalism refers to a belief that the cultural heritage should be upheld and maintained and be tolerated by the host society (Reynolds, 1991, p. ). Assimilation was thought to have been a issue of the past, though recent riots in the UK, France and Australia has seen Governments turning to their cultural roots, promoting nationalism, patriotism or national identity as a coercive force to unite their citizens (Das, 2006, n. p). Former Prime Minister of Australia John Howard told migrants in his Australia Day speech to enrich the Australian way of living with their ‘loyalty and patriotism†. He then followed on saying that the Howard Government has successfully removed what he thought was the excess of multiculturalism and has rebalanced Australia’s identity and â€Å"ethnic diversity† (Gratton, 2006, n. p). David Cameron the Prime Minster of Britain has recently stated at a conference in Munich that multiculturalism does not define who Britain is. He then argued, â€Å"the UK needed a stronger national identity to prevent people turning to all kinds of extremism† (BBC, 2011, n. p). There have been some considerable questions raised on multiculturalism and ethnic diversity, and whether it is still relevant and today’s society? A number of events around the world including the Paris and London Riots, where second and third generation youths, frustrated with being alienated and discriminated against took the streets in a furied rampage. The unrest spread rapidly as the youths embrace the social message of equal rights for all (Crumley, 2011, n. p). London’s view on multiculturalism, more so Muslims living in the UK has been somewhat controversial since the London bombings. There have been three major crisis since the 1980’s which have caused tension between Muslims and non-Muslims: the Rushdie affair of the 80’s; the attacks of 9/11 in the US and the implications for Britain; and the most crucial event being the London bombings. British policy makers believe that multiculturalism has only added to the problem arguing that it is only creating a generation of â€Å"young angry Muslims† (Hardy, 2005, n. p). The racist’s riots in Cronulla all started with a txt: â€Å"come to Cronulla this weekend to take revenge. This Sunday every Aussie in the shire to support the leb and wog bashing day† (Teo, 2006, cited in Re-thinking Multiculturalism and Performing the Cronulla Beach Riot, 2007, pp. 37-38). In 2005 a fight between three lifeguards and four young Lebanese broke out which resulted in the lifeguards being brutally assaulted. This incident fuelled what was to become one of Australia’s most violent racially motivated events ‘Reclaim the Beach’. Thousands of young white Australians congregated at Cronulla Beach on 11 December 2005, waving their Australian flags, chanting ‘no more lebs’. Anyone of Lebanese appearance was fair game, which resulted in 25 people reported injuries and 12 arrests. For days following, both sides committed revenge attacks destroying property and a string of assaults. Barclay and West (2006, cited in Re-thinking Multiculturalism and Performing the Cronulla Beach Riot, 2007, pp. 38-39) argue that it wasn’t just the assault of the lifeguards that started the riots but the behaviour of the Lebanese men prior that they were fed up with. According to locals the youths would bash beach goers, use their knives and weapons to threaten people, and taunt females enjoying the beach with sexual and racist comments. They see this ‘Re-claimation’ as a â€Å"Battle to shape the values that dominate this particular shared space†. Pauline Hansen and her One Nation Party were vivid opposes of the Multicultural Policy. She criticized the government for spending to much money on resources for the ethnic minorities and that immigration laws for Asians needed to be tightened. Opinion polls for a woman who claimed that Aboriginals were once cannibals and ate their young were according The Independent (2007, n. p) gaining more support than the Greens. Which again questions the relevance of multiculturalism. Ms Hansen had recently came out again still insisting that multiculturalism is not working for Australia and publically stating â€Å"I believe in people coming to Australia, assimilating, becoming Australian’s and be proud of this country and abide by the laws of the land†. Surprisingly when readers where asked if they would vote for Pauline Hansen in the NSW Upper House on 26th March 2011, the results were not that far apart with 49. 4% saying no and a close 42. 1% saying yes they would vote her back in based on her views on multiculturalism and what it means for Australia’s future (Harris, 2011, n. p). Where does that leave Multiculturalism? Sweden, Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands turned their backs on multiculturalism, assuming monocultural societies. In the 1980s Denmark and the Netherlands accepted multiculturalism and passed similar legislation to that of Canada and Australia but they were abandoned after the assassinations of populist leader Pim Fortuyn in 2002 and Dutch film director Theo van Gogh in 2004. Their multicultural polices were replaced with severe and forceful ‘civic integration’ policies (Agozzino, 2007, pp. 1-3). Multiculturalism v Cultural Pluralism Is cultural pluralism a progression of multiculturalism or are they the same thing? According to Dr. Sharma (2009, n. ) cultures of different nations in cultural pluralism require being equaled, and tolerant in their relationship. Multiculturalism on the other-hand stands for existing of cultures at the lowest level. In the UK the progression from multiculturalism to cultural pluralism came ‘cultural dualism’. The second generation of immigrants born and bred in the UK had new challenges to face. Their behaviour and thinking had to co-exist with their parents’ cultures, morals, manners and customs. During the day they were suit wearing British speaking professionals and by night they were taking Punjabi, eating curry and watching bollywood movies. They were forced to live two lives, as their society was not yet able to accept their customs despite the promotion of multiculturalism. This ‘dualism’ phenomenon was hard to accept among the younger generation who also had to face social and academic issues because of their cultural differences. Cultural Pluralism however, aims to keep and maintain the uniqueness in all cultural identites. A society in which we can all co-exist and be respected for who we are no matter what god we believe in, what language we speak or what we wear whether it be a football jersey or a headscarf. Where having one or many languages is an asset and is encouraged in our education system (Jayasuriya, 1985, pp. 1-3). Critics of cultural pluralism on the other hand, believe that the bringing together of cultures will be a disaster and because of 11 September 2009 will never come to fruition. In spite of these criticisms the United Nations endeavors to promote peace and harmony for all us around the world. It declared that 21 May become ‘World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development’. An attempt to give rise to the cause of world peace, bring communities, cultures and people closer together (Sripathy, 2009, n. p). Conclusion The western world has seen rapid social and cultural changes since the beginning of the 19th Century. Liberism, post-modernism, and relativism have had a great influence on developing the idea of multiculturalism. The initial idea of having various cultures living side by side in harmony and peace later turned into open hostility after wave and wave of immigrants were encourage into our native lands. Our societies ethnic and social compositions were changed forever. The term multiculturalism was then said to be ‘outdated’ and no longer relevant in present times. It was either supported and valued for the creation of a universal society or criticized for the detrimental effects on national identity. Simultaneously, the escalation of globalization has brought on a new type of civilization, the rest of the world now being able to embrace and experience (or as critics may argue impose) the western way of life and visa versa (Catenaccio, 2003, p. 60). Whether we call it ‘multiculturalism’, ‘cultural dualism’, ‘cultural diversity’, or ‘cultural pluralism’ the important issue here is that as a society we require patience, tolerance, acceptance and the ability to want to live together with mutual respect. References Agozzino-Organ, L. (2007) Multiculturalism. Available: http://www. multiculturefm. org/main/news/MulticulturalismPhilosophy. pdf (accessed 27 April 2012). Alba, R. (1995) Assimilations Quiet Tide. Journal of Public Interest, Vol. 119, 3. Canadian Multiculturalism: An Inclusive Citizenship (2008). Available: http://www. cic. gc. a/english/multiculturalism/citizenship. asp (accessed 27 April 2012). Cattenacio, P. (2003) Between Multuculturalism and Globalization. Available: http://www. ledonline. it/mpw/allegati/mpw0303catenaccio. pdf (accessed 27 April 2012). Commonwealth and State Ministers of the Native Welfare Conference (1961) The Policy of Assimilation. Available: ht tp://archive. aiatsis. gov. au/referendum/18801. pdf (accessed 27 April 2012). Crumley, B. (2011) The Riots of Paris and London: A Tale of Two Cities. Available: http://globalspin. blogs. time. com/2011/08/09/the-riots-of-paris-and-london-a-tale-of-two-cities/ (accessed 26 April 2012). Das, S. (2006) Howards way: multiculturalism is out, assimilation is in. The Age, 27 January. Available: http://www. theage. com. au/articles/2006/01/26/1138066918369. html (accessed 28 April 2012). Driedger, L and Burnet, J (2012) Multiculturalism. Available: http://www. thecanadianencyclopedia. com/articles/multiculturalism (accessed 28 April 2012). End of the White Australia Policy (2001). Available: http://www. abc. net. au/archives/80days/stories/2012/01/19/3415230. htm? WT. srch=1amp;WT. mc_id=Corp_Innovation-80Days%7CDay46_AdWords_:%2Bwhite%20%2Baustr